What are POPs?
Effects on humans
Marine Environment:

  • Sources of POPs
  • Fate of POPs

  • History
    POPs Chemicals:
  • Aldrin and Dieldrin
  • Endrin
  • Chlordane
  • DDT
  • Heptachlor
  • Hexachlorobenzene
  • Mirex
  • Toxaphene
  • PCBs
  • Dioxins and Furans

  • Analytical Methods

    Monitoring and Assessment
    Policy
    Planning
    Regulatory framework
    Implementation and Enforcement:

  • Management:
  • Regulations and Procedures
  • Operational Measures:
  • Best Management Practices

  • Alternatives

  • Best Agriculture Practices

  • Best Industrial Practices
  • Case Studies

  • Funding
    Capacity Building

    Regional Seas
    Bibliography:

  • General
  • Specialized
    Glossary
  • Specialized Bibliography


    Abbassy M. S., Ibrahim H. Z., and Abu El-Amayem M. M. (1999) Occurrence of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in water of the Nile river at the estuaries of Rosetta and Damiatta branches, North of Delta, Egypt. Journal of Environmental Science & Health - Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes 34(2), 255-267.

    Abbassy M. S. (2000) Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls drained into north coast of the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 64(4), 508-517.

    Abd-Allah A. M. A. (1999) Organochlorine contaminants in microlayer and subsurface water of Alexandria Coast, Egypt. Journal of AOAC International 82(2), 391-398.

    Abgrall P., Rangeley R. W., Burridge L. E., Lawton P., burridgel@mar, dfo, mpo, gc, and ca. (2000) Sublethal effects of azamethiphos on shelter use by juvenile lobsters (Homarus americanus). Aquaculture 181(1-2), 1-10.

    Adami G., Barbieri P., Piselli S., Predonzani S., and Reisenhofer E. (2000) Detecting and characterising sources of persistent organic pollutants (PAHs and PCBs) in surface sediments of an industrialized area (harbour of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea). Journal of Environmental Monitoring 2(3), 261-265.

    Agrell C., Okla L., Larsson P., Backe C., Wania F., Cecilia, Agrell@ecotox, lu, and se. (1999) Evidence of latitudinal fractionation of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners along the Baltic Sea region. Environmental Science & Technology 33(8), 1149-1156.

    Al-Mohanna M. M. (2000) Chlorinated hydrocarbons in some fishes from Gizan area, Southern Red Sea. Journal of Environmental Biology 21(3), 193-197.

    Alam S. K., Brim M. S., Michael_brim@fws, and gov. (2000) Organochlorine, PCB, PAH, and metal concentrations in eggs of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from northwest Florida, USA. Journal of Environmental Science & Health - Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes 35(6), 705-724.

    Amcoff P., Lundstrom J., Teimert L., Borjeson H., Norrgren L., patric, amcoff@pat, slu, se, jenny, lundstrom@pat, hans, borjeson@lfi, leif, and norrgren@pat. (1999) Physiological and morphological effects of microinjection of oxythiamine and PCBs in embryos of Baltic salmon (Salmo salar): A comparison with the M74 syndrome. Ambio 28(1), 55-66.

    Arinc E., Sen A., earinc@metu, edu, and tr. (1999) Hepatic cytochrome P4501A and 7-ethoxyrcsorufin O-deethylase induction in mullet and common sole as an indicator of toxic organic pollution in Izmir Bay, Turkey. Marine Environmental Research 48(2), 147-160.

    Asmund G., Cleemann M., gas@dmu, and dk. (2000) Analytical methods, quality assurance and quality control used in the Greenland AMAP programme. Science of the Total Environment 245(1-3), 203-219.

    Asplund L., Athanasiadou M., Sjodin A., Bergman A., Borjeson H., lillemor, asplund@itm, su, se, Maria, Athanasiadou@mk, Andreas, Sjodin@mk, ake, bergman@mk, hans, and borjeson@lfi. (1999) Organohalogen substances in muscle, egg and blood from healthy Baltic salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic salmon that produced offspring with the M74 syndrome. Ambio 28(1), 67-76.

    Atuma S. S., Bergh A., Nilsson I., Aune M., saat@slv, and se. (2000) Toxaphene levels in salmon (Salmo salar) from the Baltic Sea. Chemosphere 41(4), 517-520.

    Balls P. W. and Campbell D. C. (1999) Organochlorines in sea water and suspended particulates from Scottish coastal sites. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(2), 142-145.

    Bandh C., Bjorklund E., Mathiasson L., Naf C., Zebuhr Y., cecilia, bandh@itm, su, and se. (2000) Comparison of accelerated solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction for the determination of PCBs in Baltic Sea sediments. Environmental Science & Technology 34(23), 4995-5000.

    Baumard P., Budzinski H., Garrigues P., Burgeot T., Michel X., and Bellocq J. (1999) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) burden of mussels (Mytilus sp.) in different marine environments in relation with sediment PAH contamination, and bioavailability. Marine Environmental Research 47(5), 415-439.

    Berg V., Polder A., and Skaare J. U. (1999) Organochlorines in deep-sea fish from the Nordfjord. Chemosphere 38(2), 275-282.

    Berggrena P., Ishaq R., Zebuhr Y., Naf C., Bandh C., and Broman D. (1999) Patterns and levels of organochlorines (DDTs, PCBs, non-ortho PCBs and PCDD/Fs) in male harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea, the Kattegat-Skagerrak Seas and the west coast of Norway. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(12), 1070-1084.

    Berglund O., Larsson P., Ewald G., Okla L., olof, berglund@ecotox, lu, and se. (2000) Bioaccumulation and differential partitioning of polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater, planktonic food webs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 57(6), 1160-1168.

    Bergqvist P. A., Strandberg B., Ekelund R., Rappe C., Granmo A., Pab@chem, umu, and se. (1998) Temporal monitoring of organochlorine compounds in seawater by semipermeable membranes following a flooding episode in western Europe. Environmental Science & Technology 32(24), 3887-3892.

    Bernt K. E., Hammill M. O., Lebeuf M., Kovacs K. M., karen, bernt@sympatico, and ca. (1999) Levels and patterns of PCBs and OC pesticides in harbour and grey seals from the St Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Science of the Total Environment 244, 243-262.

    Bester K., kai, bester@irmm, jrc, and be. (2000) Effects of pesticides on seagrass beds. Helgoland Marine Research 54(2-3), 95-98.

    Bjork M., Gilek M., mikaelb@system, ecology, su, and se. (1999) Efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl assimilation from water and algal food by the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis). Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 18(4), 765-771.

    Blanz T., Schulz-Bull D. E., Emeis K. C., Petrick G., Duinker J. C., tblanz@ifm, uni k., and de. (1999) Chlorobiphenyls in suspension and sediment of the southern Baltic Sea: a mass balance calculation since the onset of PCB-production. Continental Shelf Research 19(7), 891-910.

    Bremle G., Larsson P., Gudrun, Bremle@ecotox, lu, se, Per, and Larsson@ecotox. (1998) PCB in Eman river ecosystem. Ambio 27(5), 384-392.

    Brown B. E., compuserve, and com. (2000) The significance of pollution in eliciting the 'bleaching' response in symbiotic cnidarians [Review]. International Journal of Environment & Pollution 13(1-6), 392-415.

    Bruhn R., Kannan N., Petrick G., Schulz-Bull D. E., Duinker J. C., regina, bruhn@io w., and de. (1999) Persistent chlorinated organic contaminants in harbour porpoises from the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and Arctic waters. Science of the Total Environment 238(Special Issue SI), 351-361.

    Burridge L. E., Haya K., Zitko V., and Waddy S. (1999) The lethality of Salmosan (Azamethiphos) to American lobster (Homarus americanus) larvae, postlarvae, and adults. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety 43(2), 165-169.

    Burridge L. E., Haya K., Waddy S. L., Wade J., burridgel@mar, dfo m., gc, and ca. (2000) The lethality of anti-sea lice formulations Salmosan (R) (Azamethiphos) and Excis (R) (Cypermethrin) to stage IV and adult lobsters (Homarus americanus) during repeated short-term exposures. Aquaculture 182(1-2), 27-35.

    Buser H. R., Haglund P., Muller M. D., Poiger T., and Rappe C. (2000) Rapid anaerobic degradation of toxaphene in sewage sludge. Chemosphere 40(9-11), 1213-1220.

    Bustnes J. O., Erikstad K. E., Bakken V., Mehlum F., Skaare J. U., Jan, Bustnes@ninatos, ninaniku, and no. (2000) Feeding ecology and the concentration of organochlorines in glaucous gulls. Ecotoxicology 9(3), 179-186.

    Carr R. S., Montagna P. A., Biedenbach J. M., Kalke R., Kennicutt M. C., Hooten R., Cripe G., scott_carr@usgs, and gov. (2000) Impact of storm-water outfalls on sediment quality in Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, USA. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 19(3), 561-574.

    Chiu A., Chiu N., Beaubier N. T., Beaubier J., Nalesnik R., Singh D., Hill W. R., Lau C., and Riebow J. (2000) Effects and mechanisms of PCB ecotoxicity in food chains: algae double right arrow fish double right arrow seal double right arrow polar bear [Review]. Environmental Carcinogenesis & Ecotoxicology Reviews-Part C of Journal of Environmental Science & Health 18(2), 127-152.

    Cicero A. M., Finoia M. G., Gabellini M., Veschetti E., anncic@tin, and it. (2000) Concentration and distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in harbour dredging sediments: A pilot study using a statistical approach for a more efficient characterisation and management. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 64(3), 607-616.

    Cleemann M., Riget F., Paulsen G. B., Klungsoyr J., Dietz R., mc@dmu, and dk. (2000) Organochlorines in Greenland marine fish, mussels and sediments. Science of the Total Environment 245(1-3), 87-102.

    Coelhan M. and Barlas H. (1998) Levels of some organochlorine contaminants in fishes from Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 7(5A-6A Special Issue SI), 388-395.

    Corsolini S., Aurigi S., Focardi S., corsolini@unisi, and it. (2000) Presence of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and coplanar congeners in the tissues of the Mediterranean loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40(11), 952-960.

    Couillard C. M., Williams P. J., Courtenay S. C., Rawn G. P., Couiliard C. d. m., gc, and ca. (1999) Histopathological evaluation of Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) collected at estuarine sites receiving pulp and paper mill effluent. Aquatic Toxicology 44(4), 263-278.

    Courtenay S. C., Grunwald C. M., Kreamer G. L., Fairchild W. L., Arsenault J. T., Ikonomou M., Wirgin, II, courtenays@mar, dfo m., gc, and ca. (1999) A comparison of the dose and time response of CYP1A1 mRNA induction in chemically treated Atlantic tomcod from two populations [Review]. Aquatic Toxicology 47(1), 43-69.

    Dachs J., Bayona J. M., Ittekkot V., Albaiges J., jbtqam@cid, csic, and es. (1999) Monsoon-driven vertical fluxes of organic pollutants in the western Arabian Sea. Environmental Science & Technology 33(22), 3949-3956.

    Dannenberger D., Lerz A., iul@unicon g., and com. (1999) Occurence and transport of organic micro-contaminants in sediments of the Odra river estuarine system. Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica 27(5), 303-307.

    De Jonge L. W., de Jonge H., Moldrup P., Jacobsen O. H., Christensen B. T., Lis, de, Jonge@agrsci, and dk. (2000) Sorption of prochloraz on primary soil organomineral size separates. Journal of Environmental Quality 29(1), 206-213.

    DeLorenzo M. E., Scott G. I., Ross P. E., mdelorenzo@noaa, and gov. (1999) Effects of the agricultural pesticides atrazine, deethylatrazine, endosulfan, and chlorpyrifos on an estuarine microbial food web. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 18(12), 2824-2835.

    DeLorenzo M. E., Lauth J., Pennington P. L., Scott G. I., Ross P. E., marie, delorenzo@noaa, and gov. (1999) Atrazine effects on the microbial food web in tidal creek mesocosms. Aquatic Toxicology 46(3-4), 241-251.

    Dewailly E., Mulvad G., Pedersen H. S., Ayotte P., Demers A., Weber J. P., Hansen J. C., payotte@cspq, qc, and ca. (1999) Concentration of organochlorines in human brain, liver, and adipose tissue autopsy samples from Greenland. Environmental Health Perspectives 107(10), 823-828.

    Di Maio J., Pekarik C., and Wesseloh D. V. Contaminant levels in herring gull eggs from Lake Erie and the Detroit and Niagara Rivers: change-point regression analysis, 1974 to 1996 Munawar M, Edsall T, Munawar IF. State of Lake Erie: Past, Present and Future : a Tribute to Drs Joe Leach & Henry Regier [Figures] [Plates]. STATE OF LAKE ERIE, PAST.

    Driscoll D. E., Jackman R. E., Hunt W. G., Beatty G. L., Driscoll J. T., Glinski R. L., Gatz T. A., and Mesta R. I. (1999) Status of nesting Bald Eagles in Arizona. Journal of Raptor Research 33(3), 218-226.

    Elliott J. E., Henny C. J., Harris M. L., Wilson L. K., Norstrom R. J., john, elliott@ec, gc, and ca. (1999) Chlorinated hydrocarbons in livers of american mink (Mustela vison) and river otter (Lutra canadensis) from the Columbia and Fraser River basins, 1990-1992. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 57(3), 229-252.

    Elliott J. E., Machmer M. M., Wilson L. K., and Henny C. J. (2000) Contaminants in ospreys from the Pacific northwest: II. Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and mercury, 1991-1997. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 38(1), 93-106.

    Ewins P. J., Postupalsky S., Hughes K. D., and Weseloh D. V. (1999) Organochlorine contaminant residues and shell thickness of eggs from known-age female ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) in Michigan during the 1980s. Environmental Pollution 104(2), 295-304.

    Exo K. M., Becker P. H., and Sommer U. (2000) Organochlorine and mercury concentrations in eggs of grey plovers (Pluvialis squatarola) breeding in the Lena Delta, north-east Siberia, 1997. Polar Research 19(2), 261-265.

    Fahraeus-Van Ree G. E., Spurrell D. R., gvanree@morgan, ucs, mun, and ca. (2000) Effect of toxaphene on isolated hepatocytes of the yellowtail flounder, Pleuronectes ferrugineus storer. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety 46(3), 289-297.

    Falandysz J., Strandberg B., Strandberg L., Rappe C., jfalandy@chemik, chem, univ g., and pl. (1999) Tris(4-chlorophenyl)methane and tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol in sediment and food webs from the Baltic south coast. Environmental Science & Technology 33(4), 517-521.

    Falandysz J., jfalandy@chemik, chem, univ, gda, and pl. (2000) Residues of hexachlorobenzene in Baltic fish and estimation of daily intake of this compound and pentachlorobenzene with fish and fishery products in Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 9(5), 377-383.

    Falandysz J., Strandberg L., Strandberg B., Bergqvist P. A., and Rappe C. (2000) Pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene in fish in the Gulf of Gdansk. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 9(2), 129-132.

    Feldman K. L., Armstrong D. A., Dumbauld B. R., DeWitt T. H., Doty D. C., kfeldman@fish, washington, and edu. (2000) Oysters, crabs, and burrowing shrimp: Review of an environmental conflict over aquatic resources and pesticide use in Washington State's (USA) coastal estuaries [Review]. Estuaries 23(2), 141-176.

    Fox W. M., Johnson M. S., Jones S. R., Leah R. T., and Copplestone D. (1999) The use of sediment cores from stable and developing salt marshes to reconstruct historical contamination profiles in the Mersey Estuary, UK. Marine Environmental Research 47(4), 311-329.

    Froescheis O., Looser R., Cailliet G. M., Jarman W. M., Ballschmiter K., karlheinz, ballschmiter@chemie, uni u., and de. (2000) The deep-sea as a final global sink of semivolatile persistent organic pollutants? Part I: PCBs in surface and deep-sea dwelling fish of the North and South Atlantic and the Monterey Bay Canyon (California). Chemosphere 40(6), 651-660.

    Fromberg A., Cederberg T., Hilbert G., Buchert A., arf@fdir, and dk. (2000) Levels of toxaphene congeners in fish from Danish waters. Chemosphere 40(9-11), 1227-1232.

    Fryer R. J., Nicholson M. D., fryer@marlab, ac, and uk. (1999) Using smoothers for comprehensive assessments of contaminant time series in marine biota. ICES Journal of Marine Science 56(5), 779-790.

    Fuoco R., Giannarelli S., Abete C., Onor M., Termine M., fuoco@dcci, unipi, and it. (1999) The effect of seasonal pack ice melting on the sea water polychlorobiphenyl contents at Gerlache Inlet and Wood Bay (Ross Sea-Antarctica). International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 75(4), 367-375.

    Gaston G. R., Rakocinski C. F., Brown S. S., Cleveland C. M., bygaston@olemiss, and edu. (1998) Trophic function in estuaries: response of macrobenthos to natural and contaminant gradients. Marine & Freshwater Research 49(8), 833-846.

    Giesy J. P., Kannan K., Kubitz J. A., Williams L. L., and Zabik M. J. (1999) Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in muscle and eggs of salmonid fishes from the Great Lakes. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 36(4), 432-446.

    Gobas F., Wilcockson J. B., Russell R. W., Haffner G. D., gobas@sfu, and ca. (1999) Mechanism of biomagnification in fish under laboratory and field conditions. Environmental Science & Technology 33(1), 133-141.

    Goerke H., Weber K., hgoerke@awi b., and de. (2001) Species-specific elimination of polychlorinated biphenyls in estuarine animals and its impact on residue patterns. Marine Environmental Research 51(2), 131-149.

    Gundersen D. T., Miller R., Mischler A., Elpers K., Mims S. D., Millar J. G., Blazer V., dgunders@usi, and edu. (2000) Biomarker response and health of polychlorinated biphenyl- and chlordane-contaminated paddlefish from the Ohio River basin, USA. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 19(9), 2275-2285.

    Gunnarsson J. S., Skold M., gunnarsson@kmf, gu, and se. (1999) Accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by the infaunal brittle stars Amphiura filiformis and A-chiajei: effects of eutrophication and selective feeding. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 186, 173-185.

    Guruge K. S., Tanabe S., and Fukuda M. (2000) Toxic assessment of PCBs by the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalent in common cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) from Japan. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 38(4), 509-521.

    Gustavson K. and Jonsson P. (1999) Some halogenated organic compounds in sediments and blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) in Nordic seas. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(8), 723-736.

    Hall A. J., Duck C. D., Law R. J., Allchin C. R., Wilson S., Eybator T., hall@smru, st a., ac, and uk. (1999) Organochlorine contaminants in Caspian and harbour seal blubber. Environmental Pollution 106(2), 203-212.

    Hall L. W. and Anderson R. D. (1999) A deterministic ecological risk assessment for copper in European saltwater environments. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(3), 207-218.

    Hario M., Himberg K., Hollmen T., Rudback E., martti, hario@rktl, and fi. (2000) Polychlorinated biphenyls in diseased lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus fuscus) chicks from the Gulf of Finland. Environmental Pollution 107(1), 53-60.

    Harris M. L., Elliott J. E., john, elliott@ec, gc, and ca. (2000) Reproductive success and chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting along rivers receiving pulp and paper mill effluent discharges. Environmental Pollution 110(2), 307-320.

    Hatzianestis J., Georgakopoulou-Gregoriadou E., and Frantzis A. (1998) Organochlorine levels in Cuvier's goosebeaked whales from Ionian Sea, Hellas. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 7(5A-6A Special Issue SI), 345-350.

    Heemken O. P., Stachel B., Theobald N., and Wenclawiak B. W. (2000) Temporal variability of organic micropollutants in suspended particulate matter of the River Elbe at Hamburg and the River Mulde at Dessau, Germany. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 38(1), 11-31.

    Henriksen E. O., Gabrielsen G. W., Trudeau S., Wolkers J., Sagerup K., and Skaare J. U. (2000) Organochlorines and possible biochemical effects in glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from Bjornoya, the Barents sea. Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 38(2), 234-243.

    Hernandez F., Serrano R., Roig-Navarro A. F., Martinez-Bravo Y., Lopez F. J., hernandf@mail, uji, and es. (2000) Persistent organochlorines and organophosphorus compounds and heavy elements in common whale (Balaenoptera physalus) from the western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40(5), 426-433.

    His E., Heyvang I., Geffard O., De Montaudouin X., ehis@ifremer, and fr. (1999) A comparison between oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larval bioassays for toxicological studies. Water Research 33(7), 1706-1718.

    Holsbeek L., Joiris C. R., Debacker V., Ali I. B., Roose P., Nellissen J. P., Gobert S., Bouquegneau J. M., Bossicart M., cjoiris@vub, ac, and be. (1999) Heavy metals, organochlorines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sperm whales stranded in the southern North Sea during the 1994/1995 winter. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(4), 304-313.

    Hong H. S., Wang X. H., Xu L., Chen W. Q., Zhang L. P., Zhang Z. L., hshong@xmu, edu, and cn. (2000) Trace organic pollutants in the southeast estuarine environments of China. Journal of Environmental Science & Health Part A-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering 35(10), 1833-1847.

    Hori H., Takahashi Y., Takahashi M., Wada Y., hide h. g., niigata u., ac, and jp. (2000) Detection of the Bacillus thuringiensis serovar japonensis strain Buibui protoxin with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its application to detection of the protoxin in soil. Applied Entomology & Zoology 35(3), 401-411.

    Huhnerfuss H., huehnerfuss@chemie, uni h., and de. (2000) Chromatographic enantiomer separation of chiral xenobiotics and their metabolites - A versatile tool for process studies in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Chemosphere 40(9-11), 913-919.

    Hutchings P. (1999) Taxonomy of estuarine invertebrates in Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 24(4), 381-394.

    Ishaq R., Akerman G., Naf C., Balk L., Bandh C., Broman D., rasha, ishaq@anchem, su, and se. (1999) Organic pollutant characterization and toxicity testing of settling particulate matter by nanoinjection in sea trout (Salmo trutta) eggs. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 18(3), 533-543.

    Ishaq R., Karlson K., Naf C., rasha, ishaq@itm, su, se, karlson@kmf, gu, carina, and naf@itm. (2000) Tissue distribution of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and non-ortho chlorinated bipbenyls (non-ortho CBs) in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish waters. Chemosphere 41(12), 1913-1925.

    Isosaari P., Kohonen T., Kiviranta H., Tuomisto J., Vartianinen T., pirjo, isosaari@ktl, and fi. (2000) Assessment of levels, distribution, and risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the vicinity of a vinyl chloride monomer production plant. Environmental Science & Technology 34(13), 2684-2689.

    Jansson B. O., Dahlberg K., boj@system, ecology, su, se, kristina, dahlberg@baltinfo, and org. (1999) The environmental status of the Baltic Sea in the 1940s, today, and in the future. Ambio 28(4), 312-319.

    Jarnberg U. G., Asplund L. T., Egeback A. L., Jansson B., Unger M., Wideqvist U., ulf, jaernberg@itm, su, and se. (1999) Polychlorinated naphthalene congener profiles in background sediments compared to a degraded Halowax 1014 technical mixture. Environmental Science & Technology 33(1), 1-6.

    Jefferson T. A. (2000) Population biology of the Indo-Pacific hump-backed dolphin in Hong Kong waters [Review]. Wildlife Monographs(144), 1-65.

    Jeremiason J. D., Eisenreich S. J., Paterson M. J., eisenreich@envsci, rutgers, and edu. (1999) Accumulation and recycling of PCBs and PAHs in artificially eutrophied Lake 227. Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 56(4), 650-660.

    Jeremiason J. D., Eisenreich S. J., Paterson M. J., Beaty K. G., Hecky R., Elser J. J., eisenreich@aesop, rutgers, and edu. (1999) Biogeochemical cycling of PCBs in lakes of variable trophic status: A paired-lake experiment. Limnology & Oceanography 44(3 Part 2), 889-902.

    Jimenez O., Jimenez B., Gonzalez M. J., mariche@iqog, csic, and es. (2000) Isomer-specific polychlorinated biphenyl determination in cetaceans from the Mediterranean Sea: Enantioselective occurrence of chiral polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 19(11), 2653-2660.

    Jimenez B., Gonzalez M. J., Jimenez O., Reich S., Eljarrat E., Rivera J., bjimenez@fresno, csic, and es. (2000) Evaluation of 2,3,7,8 specific congener and toxic potency of persistent polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in cetaceans from the Mediterranean Sea, Italy. Environmental Science & Technology 34(5), 756-763.

    Jonsson P., per, jonsson@environ, and se. (2000) Sediment burial of PCBs in the offshore Baltic Sea. Ambio 29(4-5), 260-267.

    Jonsson P., Eckhell J., Larsson P., Per, Jonsson@geo, uu, se, janeckhell@hotmail, com, Larsson@ecotox, and lu. (2000) PCB and DDT in laminated sediments from offshore and archipelago areas of the NW Baltic Sea. Ambio 29(4-5), 268-276.

    Jonsson A., Carman R., anders, jonsson@geo, su, se, rolf, and carman@geo. (2000) Distribution of PCBs in sediment from different bottom types and water depths in Stockholm Archipelago, Baltic Sea. Ambio 29(4-5), 277-281.

    Kale S. P., Murthy N. B. K., Raghu K., Sherkhane P. D., and Carvalho F. P. (1999) Studies on degradation of C-14-DDT in the marine environment. Chemosphere 39(6), 959-968.

    Karlsson H., Oehme M., Skopp S., Burkow I. C., Michael, Oehme@unibas, and ch. (2000) Enantiomer ratios of chlordane congeners are gender specific in cod (Gadus morhua) from the Barents Sea. Environmental Science & Technology 34(11), 2126-2130.

    Kemler K., Jones P. D., Giesy J. P., kemlerka@msu, and edu. (2000) Risk assessment of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p dioxin equivalents in tissue samples from three species in the Denver metropolitan area. Human & Ecological Risk Assessment 6(6), 1087-1099.

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