Structural and Operational Measures: Best practices in Agriculture

IPM, Integrated Pest Management
IVM, Integrated Vector Management

What is IPM?
Integrated Pest Management is the careful integration of a number of available pest control
techniques that discourages pest population development en keep pesticides and other
interventions to levels that are economically justified and safe for human health and the
environment. IPM emphasises the growth of a healthy crop with the least disruption of
agroecosystems, thereby encouraging natural pest control mechanism. Promoting IPM would
be one way of reducing chemical pesticide use, but there is still no universally accepted
definition of IPM. It is probable that the forms of IPM that will be encouraged will rely on
biological approaches with the judicious use of some chemical pesticides. IPM strategy is
undebatable most appropriate and sustainable approach for the control management of ever-growing pest population.

Principles of IPM
IPM as a corner stone of sustainable agriculture, seeks to improve farmer practices in order to crate higher profiles while improving environmental quality and community health. In order
to do this, IPM implementation is based on four practical principles:
- Grow a healthy crop.
- Conserve natural enemies.
- Observe field regularly.
- Farmers become experts.

What is IVM?

IVM uses the same concepts as IPM , of combining methods/products and strategies with an optimal mix adapted to the local situation, however introduction of IVM is at a very early stage compared to IPM activities.

Principles of IVM

-To strengthen knowledge base on local vector ecology.
-Transition Vertical vector control programmes to community based Vector Control Programmes.
-Capacity building in Cost effectiveness analysis of Vector Control.
-Coordination with Integrated Disease management.

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